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It goes by a variety of names—feline viral rhinopneumonitis, rhinotracheitis virus, FVH-1. But whatever you want to call it, feline herpes is one of the most common causes of upper respiratory infections in cats.
In addition to sneezing, runny nose and eyes, the virus can cause conjunctivitis, or inflammation of the lining of the eyelid, and lesions in and around the eyes. Cats weakened by the virus may also develop secondary infections.
How cats get it
Although cats of all sizes, ages and breeds can contract feline herpes, it is very often seen in kittens. It's not uncommon for shelter cats to carry the virus, especially since so many of these animals are found as or are born to strays, of unknown health history. The virus is spread from cat to cat via discharge from an infected animal's mouth, nose or eyes. Litter boxes and food and water dishes are comon points of transmission. It's also important to note that some cats may become infected with feline herpes but will never show any symptoms. These latent carriers can, however, pass the virus on to other cats.
How it's prevented
When it comes to feline herpes, prevention is the best medicine. Fortunately, a vaccine is available to protect cats from this disease for which there is no cure. For information about when and how often your pet should be vaccinated, please read our topic on VACCINATIONS.
Depending on the severity of a cat's symptoms, veterinarians may prescribe oral antibiotics or antiviral medications. If the eyes are affected, drops or creams may be used.
Managing the disease
While medications may keep symptoms under control, it is important to realize that the virus can never be eliminated—it will remain in a cat's nerve cells for life. And just like the strain of herpes virus that affects humans, symptoms of feline herpes can recur at anytime—particularly during times of stress, such as that brought on by the introduction of a new pet in the household, a move, or even a change in the pet's—or the pet parent's—daily routine. To help control the spread of the disease and lessen the number and severity of flare-ups, many veterinarians recommend L-lysine, an amino acid that interferes with the virus's ability to replicate. Also a popular supplement for humans, L-lysine is readily available in pills and capsules. You'll want to discuss dosage with your veterinarian first, of course.
To lessen the frequency and severity of FHV-1 in cats
You may also want to ask your vet about Enisyl-F, a new L-lysine supplement formulated especially for veterinary use. The dial-a-dose syringe makes it a cinch to administer—which is a big help if your cat doesn't always cooperate when being given medication in pill form. And best of all, the paste reportedly tastes great to cats!
If you think your cat may have feline herpes, please contact your veterinarian right away. And if you think your cat is at risk of contracting the disease, you can ensure that he won't with just an ounce of prevention—make sure he's vaccinated!
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